Starting from simulation analysis, wind tunnel test and line test, the influence of installing front-end guide device and air spring local diversion protection device on bogie to the snow and ice in the air spring part of the train was comprehensively analyzed. The study found that, after adopting the combined optimization scheme of global diversion and local diversion protection, obvious downward pressure appeared in the front of the bogie, the air flow velocity at the upper part of the bogie area decreased, and the air flow velocity at the lower part increased. On the one hand, the direct impact of the air flow mixed with snowflakes on the bogie area reduced, and on the other hand, the air in the lower part without contacting the bogie structure passed through the bogie quickly, which reduced the snow on the key components of the bogie on the whole; the airflow vortex at the air spring was significantly reduced, ensuring the snow particles can not to be brought into the area near the air spring easily. The amount of snow in the area of the bogie overhead spring was reduced by nearly 80%, and only a small amount of snow was found in the gap of the connecting parts, which had little impact on the stability and comfort of the train, and improved the adaptability of the train in the alpine and snowy area.