The function, structure and material selection of axle sleeve type spline were introduced, and the strength calculation of involute tooth of spline was carried out. The size of the interference amount not only determined whether the axle sleeve type spline could reliably transmit the torque between the axle and wheel, but also determined the stress between the interference fit of the axle sleeve and the axle. Theoretical and finite element calculation of interference was put forward, at the same time, the fatigue strength of axle sleeve type spline was checked. The calculation and analysis showed that choosing the axle sleeve type spline to transfer the torque between the axle and wheel not only greatly reduced the performance requirements of axle materials, but also was feasible.