Aiming at the problem of positioning bearing identification of high-speed railway catenary, using feature matching method in image processing technology to locate the catenary bearing by catenary comprehensive detection vehicle was proposed, and three kinds of characteristic descriptors were used to detect the feature points with constant rotation and constant scale. SURF and ORB were matched with Euclidean distance, and the FREAK descriptor was matched by Hamming distance. Experiments showed that SURF has the best matching effect and the best performance. The method can be used in practice.