高速列车明线运行时雨刮器气动特性研究

晋永荣; 陈晓丽

doi:10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2024.04.103

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高速列车明线运行时雨刮器气动特性研究

铁道机车车辆 | 更新时间：2024-09-12

- 高速列车明线运行时雨刮器气动特性研究
- Research on aerodynamic characteristics of wipers of high-speed train running on open tracks
- 机车电传动 2024年第4期页码：132-138
- 作者机构：
  
  湖南铁道职业技术学院，湖南株洲 412001
- 作者简介：
  
  陈晓丽，女，主要从事高速动车组技术研究；E-mail: Chenyiyi900513@163.com
- 基金信息：
  
  2022年湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(22C1105)
- DOI：10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2024.04.103
  中图分类号： U292.91⁺4
- 纸质出版日期：2024-07-10，
  
  收稿日期：2021-12-26，
  
  修回日期：2024-02-06，
- 稿件说明：
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晋永荣, 陈晓丽. 高速列车明线运行时雨刮器气动特性研究[J]. 机车电传动, 2024(4): 132-138.

JIN Yongrong, CHEN Xiaoli. Research on aerodynamic characteristics of wipers of high-speed train running on open tracks[J]. Electric drive for locomotives,2024(4): 132-138.
晋永荣, 陈晓丽. 高速列车明线运行时雨刮器气动特性研究[J]. 机车电传动, 2024(4): 132-138. DOI：10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2024.04.103.

JIN Yongrong, CHEN Xiaoli. Research on aerodynamic characteristics of wipers of high-speed train running on open tracks[J]. Electric drive for locomotives,2024(4): 132-138. DOI：10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2024.04.103.

摘要

随着列车运行速度的提高，高速列车雨刮器所受的气动载荷作用显著增强，而气动作用下雨刮器产生的失效问题会严重危及行车安全。为探明列车高速运行时雨刮器的气动特性，文章采用三维、定常、不可压缩N-S方程以及

两方程湍流模型，开展300 km/h、350 km/h及400 km/h速度等级下3车编组高速列车雨刮器明线运行气动特性研究。结果表明，随着列车运行速度提升，雨刮器所受气动力显著增大，且雨刮器主要受侧向力作用，头车雨刮器所受气动力比尾车雨刮器更大，为尾车雨刮器的3.2倍。头车雨刮器朝向车体外侧的一侧呈明显负压分布，相对于300 km/h，当列车速度提升至350 km/h时，雨刮器两侧压差增加了36%；当列车速度提升至400 km/h时，雨刮器两侧压差增加了78%。同时，列车运行时，空气由列车车头中轴线向车体两侧流动，使得雨刮器呈现向两侧分开的运动趋势，而尾车雨刮器呈现由两侧向中间靠拢趋势。文章的研究可为高速列车雨刮器的设计安装选择及结构安全性评估提供参考。

Abstract

With the increase in train running speeds

the aerodynamic loading on the wipers of high-speed trains significantly escalates. Wiper failures under this aerodynamic loading pose serious risks on the driving safety. This paper focuses on investigating the aerodynamic performance of wipers on trains running at high speeds. A turbulence model based on the three-dimensional

steady and incompressible Navier-Stokes equations and k-epsilon (

) two equations was utilized

to examine the aerodynamic characteristics of the wipers on a three-car high-speed train running on open tracks at speed levels of 300 km/h

350 km/h and 400 km/h. The results indicate that with the increase in train speeds

aerodynamic forces on the wipers rise significantly

with lateral forces being the primary influence. The aerodynamic forces on the wipers of the head car are greater—up to 3.2 times—than those experienced by the tail car's wipers. The wipers on the head car exhibit an obvious negative pressure distribution at the outer side of the car body. The pressure difference on both sides of the wipers increases by 36% when the train speed reaches 350 km/h

and by 78% at 400 km/h

both compare to the conditions at 300 km/h. Moreover

air flows from the central axis of the train head to both sides of the car body

causing the wipers to move outward towards both sides. In contrast

the tail car's wipers show a trend of moving inward from both sides towards the

central axis. These research findings offer valuable insights for the design

installation

and structural safety evaluation of wipers for high-speed trains.

关键词

高速列车雨刮器气动力流场特性数值模拟

Keywords

high-speed trainwiperaerodynamic forceflow field characteristicsnumerical simulation

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