基于电机振动的动车组牵引逆变器故障诊断研究

施以旋; 毛庆洲; 戴焕云; 汪群生; 施翔宇

doi:10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2024.02.018

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基于电机振动的动车组牵引逆变器故障诊断研究

健康与诊断 | 更新时间：2024-08-02

- 基于电机振动的动车组牵引逆变器故障诊断研究
- Research on fault diagnosis of EMU traction inverter based on motor vibration
- 机车电传动 2024年第2期页码：151-157
- 作者机构：
  
  1.武汉大学遥感信息工程学院，湖北武汉 430070
  2.西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室，四川成都 610031
  3.武汉大学资源与环境科学学院，湖北武汉 430070
- 作者简介：
  
  施以旋，男，博士，从事车辆系统动力学、车辆故障诊断研究；E-mail: shiyixuan@my.swjtu.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(U2268211;52102441);中国博士后科学基金(2023TQ0253)
- DOI：10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2024.02.018
  中图分类号： U266.2;U269.32⁺2
- 纸质出版日期：2024-03-10，
  
  收稿日期：2023-09-27，
  
  修回日期：2024-01-04，
- 稿件说明：
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施以旋, 毛庆洲, 戴焕云, 等. 基于电机振动的动车组牵引逆变器故障诊断研究[J]. 机车电传动, 2024(2): 151-157.

SHI Yixuan, MAO Qingzhou, DAI Huanyun, et al. Research on fault diagnosis of EMU traction inverter based on motor vibration[J]. Electric drive for locomotives,2024(2): 151-157.
施以旋, 毛庆洲, 戴焕云, 等. 基于电机振动的动车组牵引逆变器故障诊断研究[J]. 机车电传动, 2024(2): 151-157. DOI：10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2024.02.018.

SHI Yixuan, MAO Qingzhou, DAI Huanyun, et al. Research on fault diagnosis of EMU traction inverter based on motor vibration[J]. Electric drive for locomotives,2024(2): 151-157. DOI：10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2024.02.018.

摘要

牵引逆变器的安全性和可靠性对高速动车组车辆的稳定运行至关重要，为了对逆变器工作状态进行识别，文章结合车辆系统动力学，提出了一种基于电机振动信号分析的故障诊断方法。将电机振动信号作为监测对象，通过检测逆变器故障时电流畸变引起电机异常振动的特征信号来进行判断。以CRH2型动车组牵引传动系统

为例，建立了基于空间矢量脉宽调制策略下的三电平牵引逆变器电路仿真模型，对逆变器结构故障模式进行仿真。仿真结果表明，逆变器故障会显著影响交流侧输出电流谐波含量，尤其是5倍频、7倍频、11倍频、13倍频电流谐波；而这些谐波电流输入到牵引电机后转化为6

(1-

)倍频、12

(1-

)倍频的脉动转矩，并作用于电机，使得其输出振动中含有相应频率的谐波成分。通过对高速动车组实际运行过程中的牵引电机振动信号进行分析可发现，在正常情况下振动信号不明显含有此类谐波频率成分，而当逆变器存在故障时，则会导致在振动信号中该频率信号含量非常明显。因此，文章所提出的基于振动信号分析法能够有效地监测并诊断牵引逆变器工作状态，并具有一定的工程应用价值。

Abstract

The safety and reliability of traction inverters are critical for the stable operation of high-speed EMU vehicles. To identify the operating status of the inverter

this paper proposed a fault diagnosis method based on the analysis of motor vibration signals combined with the vehicle system dynamics. In this method

the motor vibration signal is taken as the monitoring object

and the characteristic signal of abnormal motor vibration caused by current distortion during inverter failure is detected for judgement. Taking the traction transmission system of CRH2 EMU as an example

a simulation model of a three-level traction inverter circuit based on space vector pulse width modulation strategy was established to simulate the structural fault modes of the inverter. The simulation results indicate that inverter faults significantly affect the harmonic content of the output current on the AC side

especially the 5th

7th

11th

and 13th harmonic currents. These harmonics currents are converted into pulsating torques at frequencies of 6

(1-

) and 12

(1-

) after input to the traction motor

acting on the motor and causing corresponding harmonic components in its output vibration. Analysis of vibration signals of the traction motor during the actual operation of high-speed EMU reveals that under normal circumstances

the vibration signals do not contain obvious harmonic frequency components

while the presence of inverter faults leads to a very significant content of this frequency in vibration signals. T

herefore

the vibration signal analysis method proposed in this paper can effectively monitor and diagnose the operating status of the traction inverter and has a certain engineering application value.

关键词

高速动车组牵引逆变器电机振动电流谐波故障诊断仿真

Keywords

high-speed EMUstraction invertermotor vibrationcurrent harmonicsfault diagnosissimulation

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