基于阶跃激励响应的牵引电机定子早期匝间短路故障诊断方法

耿民; 秦嘉翼; 刘明杰; 张川宝; 王喜莲

doi:10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2024.01.142

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基于阶跃激励响应的牵引电机定子早期匝间短路故障诊断方法

健康与诊断 | 更新时间：2024-08-02

- 基于阶跃激励响应的牵引电机定子早期匝间短路故障诊断方法
- Diagnosis of early turn-to-turn short-circuit faults of traction motor stators based on step excitation response
- 机车电传动 2024年第2期页码：158-164
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中车唐山机车车辆有限公司动车检修部，河北唐山 063035
  2.北京交通大学电气工程学院，北京 100044
  3.中国铁路济南局集团有限公司，山东济南 250000
  4.唐山工业职业技术学院，河北唐山 063020
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2024.01.142
  中图分类号： U264.1;U266.2
- 纸质出版日期：2024-03-10，
  
  收稿日期：2023-07-18，
  
  修回日期：2023-12-02，
- 稿件说明：
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耿民, 秦嘉翼, 刘明杰, 等. 基于阶跃激励响应的牵引电机定子早期匝间短路故障诊断方法[J]. 机车电传动, 2024(2): 158-164.

GENG Min, QIN Jiayi, LIU Mingjie, et al. Diagnosis of early turn-to-turn short-circuit faults of traction motor stators based on step excitation response[J]. Electric drive for locomotives,2024(2): 158-164.
耿民, 秦嘉翼, 刘明杰, 等. 基于阶跃激励响应的牵引电机定子早期匝间短路故障诊断方法[J]. 机车电传动, 2024(2): 158-164. DOI：10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2024.02.019.

GENG Min, QIN Jiayi, LIU Mingjie, et al. Diagnosis of early turn-to-turn short-circuit faults of traction motor stators based on step excitation response[J]. Electric drive for locomotives,2024(2): 158-164. DOI：10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2024.02.019.

摘要

为了实现对牵引电机定子绕组匝间短路早期故障的可靠诊断，文章提出了一种基于阶跃激励稳态响应电流的故障诊断方法。首先根据牵引电机三相定子绕组匝间短路模型，对定子绕组任意两相施加阶跃激励，推导出3种情况下的响应电流表达式，并依据响应电流稳态值的变化特征提出新的故障特征分量；然后，搭建故障电机仿真模型，分析短路电阻和短路故障严重程度对响应电流的影响，研究故障特征分量对早期匝间短路故障诊断的有效性与可靠性；最后搭建试验平台，分析当电机固有不对称时，匝间短路故障对故障特征分量的影响。仿真与试验结果表明，该故障特征分量可以表示早期的匝间短路故障及其严重程度，并且能滤除电机固有不对称的影响。基于阶跃激励稳态响应电流的诊断方法操作便捷，结果可靠性高，对保护牵引系统的安全具有极大意义，且具备极大的工程应用价值。

Abstract

In order to realize reliable diagnosis of early faults of stator winding turn-to-turn short circuits of traction motors

a fault diagnosis method based on steady-state response current of step excitation was proposed in this study. Firstly

on the basis of a three-phase stator winding turn-to-turn short-circuit model of traction motors

a step excitation was applied to any two phases of the stator winding to derive the response current expressions in three cases

and a new fault characteristic component was proposed on the basis of the change characteristics of the steady-state value of the response current. Then

a simulation model of the faulty motor was established to analyze the impact of short-circuit resistance and fault severity on the response current

and to investigate the validity and reliability of the fault characteristic components for the diagnosis of early turn-to-turn short-circuit faults. Finally

an experimental platform was built to analyze the impact of turn-to-turn short-circuit faults on the fault characteristic components when the motor is inherently asymmetric. The simulation and experimental results show that the fault characteristic component can represent the early turn-to-turn short-circuit fault and its severity

and can filter out the impact of the inherent asymmetry of the motor. The diagnosis method based on the steady-state response current of step excitation is easy to operate and the results are highly reliable. This method holds great significance for the protection of the traction system and offers great value for engineering applications.

关键词

牵引电机定子绕组匝间短路故障诊断阶跃响应

Keywords

traction motorstator winding turn-to-turn short circuitfault diagnosisstep response

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