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地铁列车空调送风风道优化设计研究
Research on optimized design of air supply duct for subway train air conditioning
- 机车电传动 2024年第1期 页码：58-63
- 作者机构：
1.重载快捷大功率电力机车全国重点实验室，湖南 株洲 412001
2.中车株洲电力机车有限公司，湖南 株洲 412001
- 作者简介：
刘智远（1988—）， 男，博士，高级工程师，主要从事轨道交通车辆空调通风系统流场优化与减振降噪研究工作； E-mail: lzyhustmech@foxmail.com
- 基金信息：湖南省自然科学基金青年基金项目(2020JJ5631)
DOI：10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2024.01.104
中图分类号： U231;U270.38+3纸质出版日期：2024-01-10，
收稿日期：2022-04-16，
修回日期：2023-06-26，
- 稿件说明：
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刘智远, 龙源, 李行, 等. 地铁列车空调送风风道优化设计研究[J]. 机车电传动, 2024(1): 58-63.
LIU Zhiyuan, LONG Yuan, LI Hang, et al. Research on optimized design of air supply duct for subway train air conditioning[J]. Electric drive for locomotives,2024(1): 58-63.
刘智远, 龙源, 李行, 等. 地铁列车空调送风风道优化设计研究[J]. 机车电传动, 2024(1): 58-63. DOI：10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2024.01.104.
LIU Zhiyuan, LONG Yuan, LI Hang, et al. Research on optimized design of air supply duct for subway train air conditioning[J]. Electric drive for locomotives,2024(1): 58-63. DOI：10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2024.01.104.
摘要
空调送风风道是地铁列车的关键部件之一，其性能优劣极大地影响着地铁的舒适性。如何优化 空调送风风道结构，提升其送风均匀性成为亟待解决的难题。为改善风道的送风量、送风均匀性和噪声等指 标，文章基于均匀送风管道理论设计与计算流体动力学仿真（CFD）验证的方法，优化了空调送风风道的结 构。首先基于客室低噪声要求，将动压到静压转换的腰形孔的平均出流速度控制在5 m/s；其次通过送风风道动压与静压之间的关系进行理论计算，控制动压腔内的动压和动静压腔之间的静压差来保证送风的均匀性；不同于传统的等宽动压腔风道结构，优化后的送风风道的动压腔为缩径结构，此结构可提升风道的送风均匀性。为验证理论设计方法的准确性，采用CFD计算软件对通过理论设计优化的风道结构进行了流场仿真分析，将优化风道与原始风道模型搭建在同一客室模型上，并对两种风道与客室耦合模型的仿真结果进行了对比分析。研究表明通过理论设计优化的风道结构各腰形孔的送风均匀性都控制在20%以内，客室内风速分布也得到较大改善，进一步验证了理论计算优化方法的有效性，对于空调风道的工程应用具有指导意义。
Abstract
The performance of the air supply duct
a crucial component of subway trains
significantly influences passenger comfort. Therefore
optimizing the structure of the air supply duct to enhance air supply uniformity has become an urgent concern. This study focused on improving indicators such as air supply volume
uniformity and noise through the optimization of the air supply duct structure based on theoretical design and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation verification. First
to meet low noise requirements in the passenger compartment
the average outflow speed of the waist-shaped hole for converting dynamic pressure to static pressure was controlled at 5 m/s. Next
theoretical calculations of relationship between dynamic pressure and static pressure were conducted to control the dynamic pressure in the dynamic pressure chamber and the static pressure difference between the dynamic and static pressure chambers
ensuring air supply uniformity. Unlike traditional air duct structures with equal-width dynamic pressure chambers
the optimized air supply duct had a reduced diameter structure in the dynamic pressure chamber
which could improve air supply uniformity. To verify the accuracy of the theoretical design method
CFD calculation software was employed to analyze the flow field simulation of the theoretically designed optimized air duct structure. The optimized air duct model and the original air duct model were both incorporated into the same passenger compartment model
and the simulation results of the two coupled models were compared and analyzed. The findings demonstrate that the air supply uniformity of each waist-shaped hole in the optimized air duct structure was controlled within 20%
significantly improving the air speed distribution in the passenger compartment. This further validated the effectiveness of the theoretical calculation and optimization method
providing valuable guidance for the engineering application of air conditioning ducts.
关键词
地铁列车空调风道均匀性噪声数值仿真
Keywords
subway trainair conditioning ductuniformitynoisenumerical simulation
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