基于表面织构的转向架节点拆装减损试验研究

吕松江; 江宏; 徐意; 周丹

doi:10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2023.03.102

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基于表面织构的转向架节点拆装减损试验研究

铁道机车车辆 | 更新时间：2024-08-02

- 基于表面织构的转向架节点拆装减损试验研究
- Damage-reduction experimental research of bogie node assembly and disassembly based on surface texture
- 机车电传动 2023年第3期页码：97-103
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中车南京浦镇车辆有限公司，江苏南京 210031
  2.合肥工业大学机械工程学院，安徽合肥 230009
  3.合肥工业大学机械工业绿色设计与制造重点实验室，安徽合肥;230009
- 作者简介：
  
  周　丹（1980—），女，博士，副教授，从事过盈配合研究；E-mail: zhoudan80@126.com
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(51635010)
- DOI：10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2023.03.102
  中图分类号： U270.331
- 纸质出版日期：2023-05-10，
  
  收稿日期：2020-10-29，
  
  修回日期：2022-10-11，
- 稿件说明：
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吕松江, 江宏, 徐意, 等. 基于表面织构的转向架节点拆装减损试验研究[J]. 机车电传动, 2023(3): 97-103.

YU Songjiang, JIANG Hong, XU Yi, et al. Damage-reduction experimental research of bogie node assembly and disassembly based on surface texture[J]. Electric Drive for Locomotives,2023(3): 97-103.
吕松江, 江宏, 徐意, 等. 基于表面织构的转向架节点拆装减损试验研究[J]. 机车电传动, 2023(3): 97-103. DOI： 10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2023.03.102.

YU Songjiang, JIANG Hong, XU Yi, et al. Damage-reduction experimental research of bogie node assembly and disassembly based on surface texture[J]. Electric Drive for Locomotives,2023(3): 97-103. DOI： 10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2023.03.102.

摘要

在轨道车辆的整个服役周期内，转向架中的定位转臂与橡胶节点间的过盈配合因检修要求，需经历多次压装/拆卸，由此造成的配合面损伤给零件服役性能与检修成本带来不利影响。配合面压装/拆卸损伤本质上属于一种高接触压力作用下的摩擦损伤，鉴于表面织构具有良好的摩擦减损特性，文章将一种减损性能较优的圆凹坑型矩阵织构（面密度为30%，直径为100 μm，深度为40 μm）引入橡胶节点的配合表面，通过试验对比发现该织构能有效降低配合面的压装/拆卸损伤，保留熔融层的织构表现更为优异，在减损的同时还能大幅提升配合面的承载能力、有效降低压装/拆卸过程中的压力冲击幅度。保留熔融层的织构能获得优异的拆解减损性能，主要原因是排布在配合表面上的织构凹坑具备良好的游离磨粒收纳作用，降低了三体磨损的发生概率。此外，由激光加工形成的熔融层的硬度较零件本体材料高，而配合界面间的接触大多发生在熔融层所在位置，这使得界面间的真实接触面积被减少的同时，也降低了界面间发生粘着、材料微粒剥离的可能性。这一发现对于运维过程中需要多次拆卸、装配的过盈配合组件来说，具有积极意义。

Abstract

During the whole service life of a rail vehicle

the interference fit of positioning arm and rubber node in the bogie has to undergo several times of assembly and disassembly as required by maintenance. The resulting damage on the matching surface has a negative impact on the service performance of the parts and maintenance cost. The assembly and disassembly damage of matching surface is essentially a kind of friction damage under the action of high contact pressure. As the surface texture has good friction reduction characteristics

a kind of round pit matrix texture (surface density 30%

diameter 100 μm

depth 40 μm) with better damage reduction performance was machined onto the interference fit surface of rubber node. The experimental results show that the surface texture can effectively reduce the assembly and disassembly damage of fit surface. Especially the surface texture with melted layer is more excellent

which can greatly reduce the surface damage

improve the bearing capacity of the interference fit and effectively reduce the amplitude of pressure impact during the assembly and disassembly process. The main reason for the improvement of damage reduction performance is that the texture pits on the mating surface have a good grain storage ability

which reduces the occurrence probability of three-body wear. In addition

the hardness of the melted layer formed by laser processing is higher than that of the substrate

and the contact on the matching surface mostly occurs at the location of the melting layer

which reduces the real contact area and the possibility of adhesion. This finding is of positive significance for the interference fits that need to be disassembled and assembled for multiple times during their service lives.

关键词

过盈配合压装/拆卸损伤表面织构熔融层列车转向架

Keywords

interference fitassembly and disassembly damagesurface texturemelted layertrain bogie

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