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基于标准EN 14363规定的扭曲线路防脱轨安全性研究
A study on safety against derailment of twisted track based on EN 14363 standard
- 机车电传动 2022年第6期 页码：74-79
- 作者机构：
中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司，山东 青岛 266111
- 作者简介：
冯 扬 (1991—)，男，硕士，工程师，主要从事车辆系统动力学研究；E-mail: swjtufy@163.com
- 基金信息：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB4300604)
DOI：10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2022.06.011
中图分类号： U211.5纸质出版日期：2022-11-10，
收稿日期：2022-02-25，
修回日期：2022-07-22，
- 稿件说明：
扫 描 看 全 文
冯扬, 周橙, 梁海啸, 等. 基于标准EN 14363规定的扭曲线路防脱轨安全性研究[J]. 机车电传动, 2022,(6):74-79.
FENG Yang, ZHOU Cheng, LIANG Haixiao, et al. A study on safety against derailment of twisted track based on EN 14363 standard[J]. Electric drive for locomotives, 2022,(6):74-79.
冯扬, 周橙, 梁海啸, 等. 基于标准EN 14363规定的扭曲线路防脱轨安全性研究[J]. 机车电传动, 2022,(6):74-79. DOI： 10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2022.06.011.
FENG Yang, ZHOU Cheng, LIANG Haixiao, et al. A study on safety against derailment of twisted track based on EN 14363 standard[J]. Electric drive for locomotives, 2022,(6):74-79. DOI： 10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2022.06.011.
摘要
当铁道车辆在线路上运行时，行经因轨道超高、三角坑、轨缝、道岔、轨道几何不平顺等因素造成的扭曲线路是不可避免的。当车辆以低速通过处于平面极小半径曲线的扭曲线路时，脱轨风险会增大，但目前国内对扭曲线路防脱轨的安全性评估尚无标准的方法，因此本文对标准EN 14363规定的扭曲线路防脱轨安全性评估方法进行了研究，以某市域车辆为例，分别基于标准规定的3种方法进行评估。其中，方法1要求在扭曲线路且处于
R
150 m的平面曲线上测量车轮上升量，以车轮上升量不超过5 mm为评估限值；方法2要求在扭曲线路直线段测试轮轨垂向力，在平面曲线
R
150 m处测量外侧车轮的轮轨横向力，按照公式计算曲线外轨侧轮轨横向力和垂向力比值
Y
/
Q
，以
Y
/
Q
值不超过1.2为评估限值；方法3要求在试验台上测量回转阻力系数，在扭曲线路上测量轮重减载率，以回转阻力系数不超过0.1，轮重减载率不超过0.6为评估限值。结果表明，相比较于方法1和方法2，方法3的线路扭曲程度最恶劣，线路扭曲时的车轮垂向位移最大值为80.1 mm；对于车辆方面，由于空气弹簧失气工况时的二系垂向刚度增大近10倍，导致车辆通过扭曲线路时车轮减载量增大，因此空气弹簧失气工况相比较于充气工况，车辆适应扭曲线路的能力降低，最大限值比为98%。为便于仿真与试验对比，按照标准EN 14363评估扭曲线路防脱轨安全性时建议采用方法2进行评估，即在直线段测量轮轨垂向力，而在曲线半径为
R
150 m处测量轮轨横向力。
Abstract
When a railway vehicle is running on the track
it is inevitable that it will pass through the twisted track caused by factors such as track superelevation
twist warp
rail gaps
turnouts and geometric irregularity of track. When a vehicle passes through a twisted track on a minimum plane radius curve at low speed
the risk
of derailment increases. However
there is no standard method for assessment of safety against derailment on a twisted track in China at present. Therefore
in this paper
the method for assessment of safety against derailment on a twisted track stipulated in the EN 14363 standard was researched. A city vehicle was taken as an example
and the assessment was made based on three methods specified in the standard. For method 1
the wheel lift was required to be measured on a twisted track and a plane curve with
R
150 m
and the wheel lift of no more than 5 mm shall be regarded as the assessment limit. For method 2
the vertical wheel-rail force was required to be measured on the straight section of the twisted track
and the lateral wheel-rail force of the outer wheel to be measured at
R
150 m on a plane curve. The ratio
Y
/
Q
of the lateral wheel-rail force to the vertical wheel-rail force on the outer rail side of the curve shall be calculated according to the formula
and the value of
Y
/
Q
not exceeding 1.2 shall be regarded as the assessment limit. For method 3
the slewing resistance coefficient was required to be measured on the test bench and the rate of wheel load reduction to be measured on the twisted track. The slewing resistance coefficient not exceeding 0.1 and the rate of wheel load reduction not exceeding 0.6 shall be regarded as the assessment limit. The results show that compared with method 1 and method 2
method 3 results in the worst track twist
and the maximum vertical displacement of the wheel during the track twist is 80.1 mm. For a vehicle
the wheel load reduction increases when the vehicle passes through the twisted track due to the fact that the vertical stiffness of the secondary system increases nearly 10 times in the deflated condition of the air spring. The deflated condition of the air spring results in a lower ability to adapt to the twisted track compared with the inflated condition
and the maximum limit ratio is 98%. For the convenience of simulation and test comparison
it is recommended that when assessing the safety against derailment on the twisted track according to EN 14363
method 2 should be used. That is
the vertical wheel-rail force shall be measured on the straight section while the lateral wheel-rail force measured at
R
150 m.
关键词
扭曲线路安全性EN 14363仿真
Keywords
twisted tracksafetyEN 14363simulation
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