地铁受电弓碳滑板表面载流磨损微观研究

黄勉; 杨冰; 肖守讷; 魏文波; 范新光; 龚海勇

doi:10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2022.04.019

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地铁受电弓碳滑板表面载流磨损微观研究

铁道电气化 | 更新时间：2024-08-02

- 地铁受电弓碳滑板表面载流磨损微观研究
- Microscopic investigation on current-carrying wear on surface of pantograph carbon slide surface of metro train
- 机车电传动 2022年第4期页码：133-139
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西南交通大学　牵引动力国家重点实验室，四川成都　　610031
  2.中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司，山东青岛;266031
- 作者简介：
  
  杨　冰（1979—），男，博士，研究员，博士生导师，主要从事机车车辆结构强度理论与可靠性、材料疲劳与断裂　　　　　　方面研究；E-mail：yb@swjtu.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  四川省国际科技创新合作项目(2022YFH0075);牵引动力国家重点实验室自主课题(2022TPL-T03)
- DOI：10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2022.04.019
  中图分类号： U231;U264.3⁺4
- 纸质出版日期：2022-07-10，
  
  收稿日期：2022-02-22，
  
  修回日期：2022-05-11，
- 稿件说明：
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黄勉, 杨冰, 肖守讷, 等. 地铁受电弓碳滑板表面载流磨损微观研究[J]. 机车电传动, 2022,(4):133-139.

HUANG Mian, YANG Bing, XIAO Shoune, et al. Microscopic investigation on current-carrying wear on surface of pantograph carbon slide surface of metro train[J]. Electric drive for locomotives, 2022,(4):133-139.
黄勉, 杨冰, 肖守讷, 等. 地铁受电弓碳滑板表面载流磨损微观研究[J]. 机车电传动, 2022,(4):133-139. DOI： 10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2022.04.019.

HUANG Mian, YANG Bing, XIAO Shoune, et al. Microscopic investigation on current-carrying wear on surface of pantograph carbon slide surface of metro train[J]. Electric drive for locomotives, 2022,(4):133-139. DOI： 10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2022.04.019.

摘要

为探究地铁受电弓碳滑板表面磨耗机理，以运行于国内某地铁线路磨耗前后的受电弓浸铜碳滑板材料为对象，通过电子显微镜、激光共聚焦显微镜、扫描电镜和能谱仪等对其表面微观形貌及化学成分进行微观测试和分析。结果表明：磨耗后的受电弓碳滑板表面颜色发生显著改变，表面形貌特征也由加工沟壑转变为磨痕、少数裂纹和电弧烧蚀孔洞；SEM和EDS结果显示，在未磨耗的受电弓碳滑板表面上C和Cu相间分布，界限较为清晰，而磨耗后的表面C元素和Cu元素分布均匀、无明显界限，在磨耗过程中生成了氧化膜；电弧烧蚀聚集在Cu分布相对集中的区域。碳滑板表面的主要磨耗形式有电弧烧蚀、机械磨损、磨粒磨损和材料转移等，其中电弧烧蚀对磨耗影响最大，诱发电弧烧蚀坑，材料表面呈现出典型的崎岖粗糙形貌，摩擦条件显著恶化，使得弓网振动加剧，进一步影响摩擦表面，导致接触副温升和电弧烧蚀加剧，由此带来的高温诱发材料转移；在多种磨损形式的共同作用下，受电弓碳滑板表面裂纹不断萌生和扩展，最终表面材料发生脱落，造成碳滑板表面磨耗。

Abstract

In order to explore the wear mechanism of pantograph carbon slide surface

taking the pantograph copper to impregnate carbon slide material before and after the wear of a domestic subway line as the object

the surface microstructure and chemical composition of the carbon slide were tested and analyzed by electron microscope

laser confocal microscopy

scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer. The results showed that the surface color of carbon slide changed obviously after wear

and the surface morphology changed from machining gully to wear scar

few cracks and arc ablation holes; the results of SEM and EDS showed that the distribution of C and Cu phases on the surface of unwearied pantograph carbon slide was relatively clear

while the distribution of C and Cu elements on the surface after wear was relatively uniform and there was no obvious boundary

indicating that the oxide film was formed during the wear process; arc ablation gathered in the relatively concentrated area of Cu distribution. The main wear forms of the surface were arc ablation

mechanical wear

abrasive wear and material transfer. Among them

arc ablation had the greatest impact on wear

inducing arc ablation pits

the material surface presents a typical rough and rugged morphology

and the friction condition deteriorated significantly

which aggravated the vibration of pantograph and catenary

further affected the friction surface

and led to the increase of temperature rise of contact pair and arc ablation. The resulting high temperature induced material transfer. Under the combined action of various wear forms

the surface cracks of the pantograph carbon slide plate continuously initiated and expanded

and finally

the surface material fell off

resulting in the surface wear of carbon slide plate.

关键词

地铁列车浸铜碳滑板磨耗机理微观分析电弧烧蚀

Keywords

metro traincopper impregnate carbon slidewear mechanismmicro-analysisarc ablation

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