Research on the In fluence of Aerodynamic Performance of High-speed Train Air Brake Blades
- Electric Drive for Locomotives Vol. 0, Issue 6, Pages: 25-41(2021)
- 作者机构：
1.华设设计集团股份有限公司 铁道规划设计研究院，江苏 南京 210014
2.兰州交通大学 机电工程学院，甘肃 兰州 730070
3.中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司，山东 青岛 266111
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
DOI：10.13890/j.issn.1000-128x.2021.06.004
CLC：
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Wei WANG, Hongtai XIE, Yunfei WANG, et al. Research on the In fluence of Aerodynamic Performance of High-speed Train Air Brake Blades. [J]. Electric Drive for Locomotives 0(6):25-41(2021)
Wei WANG, Hongtai XIE, Yunfei WANG, et al. Research on the In fluence of Aerodynamic Performance of High-speed Train Air Brake Blades. [J]. Electric Drive for Locomotives 0(6):25-41(2021) DOI： 10.13890/j.issn.1000-128x.2021.06.004.
摘要
当速度大于300 km/h的高速列车紧急制动时，风阻制动是一种行之有效的辅助制动措施。基于三维定常不可压的黏性流场N-S和,k,-,ε,双方程模型，采用计算流体动力学方法对带制动风翼板的高速列车气动性能做初步分析，分别从列车所受气动阻力、垂向力、横向力、流场气动干扰效应、气动噪声等方面对首排制动风翼板在不同纵向位置、不同迎风角度和不同组风翼板纵向布置的选择做了详细计算说明。初步研究表明：①当头车车顶安装单排制动风翼板的高速列车在行驶速度为350 km/h的过程中采取紧急制动时，列车所受的空气制动阻力比未安装风翼板时增大约45%，所受垂向升力增大约70%；②采用风阻制动时制动风翼板迎风面所受最大压力和平均压力随着速度增大从远环境压力值呈抛物线形式增加，所受最小压力从远环境压力值呈倒抛物线形式减小；③在首排风翼板安装位置距离头车司机室前端流线型尾端连接处2 m范围内，列车空气阻力随着距离的增大而降低，所受垂向升力基本保持不变，风翼板前后形成的正负压区范围逐渐变小减弱；④首排制动风翼板迎风角在45°~90°内逐渐扩大时，列车所受空气阻力基本保持不变，垂向升力呈先增大后缓降的趋势，气动干扰效应和风翼板迎风面的高压区域逐步减弱；⑤在列车头车车顶最大等间距布置多组制动风翼板时，随着风翼板布置组数的增多，列车承受的空气阻力缓慢增加，垂向升力基本保持不变，制动风翼板间气动干扰效应逐渐增强，风翼板迎风面受压呈现出第1组的受压最大，后续各组压力峰值基本保持一致，略有波动。
Abstract
When the emergency braking of high-speed trains is greater than 300 km/h, wind resistance braking is an effective auxiliary braking measure. In this paper, based on the N-S and ,k,-,ε, double equation model of the three-dimensional steady incompressible viscous flow field, a preliminary analysis of the aerodynamic performance of the high-speed train with brake wing panels was carried out with the computational fluid dynamics method. Directional force, vertical lift, lateral force, gas flow field aerodynamic interference effect and aerodynamic noise were calculated and explained in detail on the selection of different longitudinal positions, different upwind angles and different sets of longitudinal arrangement of the first row of wind wing panels. Preliminary research shows that: ① When a single-row brake wing panel is installed on the roof of a 350 km/h high-speed train headway for emergency braking, the air brake resistance of the train will increase by approximately 45% compared with that without the wing panel, and the vertical lift will increase by approximately 70%; ② When using wind resistance braking, the maximum pressure and average pressure on the windward surface of the brake wing plate increase in the form of parabola from the far ambient pressure value with the increase of speed, and the minimum pressure decreases in the form of inverted parabola from the far ambient pressure value; ③ The installation position of the first row of wind wing panels is within 2 m of the streamlined tail joint at the front of the driver's cab, the air resistance of the train decreases as the distance increases, and the vertical lift is basically unchanged. The range of positive and negative pressure zones formed before and after the wind wing panels gradually becomes smaller and weaker;④ When the windward angle of the first row brake wing plate is gradually expanded within 45 ° ~ 90 °, the air resistance of the train remains basically unchanged, the vertical lift increases first and then decreases slowly, and the aerodynamic interference effect and the high-pressure area on the windward surface of the wing plate are gradually weakened; ⑤ When multiple sets of brake wing panels are arranged on the roof of the head train at maximum equal intervals, as the number of wing panel arrangements increases, the air resistance experienced by the train increases slowly, and the vertical lift received remains basically unchanged. The aerodynamic interference effect between the wind wing plates gradually increased. The pressure on the windward side of the wind wing plates show that the first group is much larger than the subsequent groups, and the pressure peaks of the subsequent groups remain basically the same, with slight fluctuations.
关键词
高速列车空气动力学气动特性气动噪声制动风翼板空气阻力数值模拟仿真
Keywords
high-speed trainsaerodynamicsaerodynamic characteristicsaerodynamic noisebrake wing panelair resistancenumerical modelingsimulation
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