Research of IGBT failure energy transmission and energy shock

MA Yao; XU Libin; YU Wei; LIU Min´an; REN Yadong

doi:10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2023.05.018

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Research of IGBT failure energy transmission and energy shock

Inspection & Testing Technology | 更新时间：2023-10-12

- Research of IGBT failure energy transmission and energy shock
- Electric Drive for Locomotives Issue 5, Pages: 162-169(2023)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.株洲中车时代半导体有限公司，湖南株洲 412001
  2.功率半导体与集成技术全国重点实验室，湖南株洲;412001
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2023.05.018
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MA Yao, XU Libin, YU Wei, et al. Research of IGBT failure energy transmission and energy shock. [J]. Electric Drive for Locomotives (5):162-169(2023)
DOI：

MA Yao, XU Libin, YU Wei, et al. Research of IGBT failure energy transmission and energy shock. [J]. Electric Drive for Locomotives (5):162-169(2023) DOI： 10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2023.05.018.

摘要

IGBT作为功率开关器件，具有载流密度大、饱和压降低等许多优点，广泛应用于各类电力工程领域，但其也是功率变流器系统最主要的失效部分。当IGBT模块发生短路时，短路电流急剧增大，使得IGBT芯片发热剧烈，当短路能量足够高时，将会引发芯片失效，从而产生大量高温高压的爆生气体。爆生气体经过初始膨胀后将以冲击波能和气体能的形式作用于管壳，当模块管壳无法束缚失效能量时，将会造成模块管壳炸损。如何评估失效能量冲击，文章提出了5种评估方法，即管壳损坏程度评估法、高速摄影法、冲击传感器测量法、电参数测试法、电容能量释放法。通过试验验证发现，管壳损坏程度评估法较为有效，可以使短路能量对管壳的影响变成一个可以定量计算的问题，从而指导管壳结构优化、评价管壳材料强度、限制失效能量对其他子系统的次生伤害。

Abstract

As a power switching device, IGBT has many advantages, such as high current density and low saturation voltage and it is widely used in various power engineering fields. However, IGBT is the most important failure part of power converter system. When the IGBT module is short-circuited, the short-circuit current increases sharply, causing the IGBT chip to generate heat violently. When the short-circuit energy is high enough, the chip will fail and a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure explosive gas will be generated. After initial expansion, the explosive gas will act on the shell in the form of shock wave energy and gas. When the module shell cannot bind the failure energy, the module shell will explode. Five methods were proposed in the paper to evaluate the failure energy shock, including the shell damage assessment method, high-speed photography method, shock sensor measurement method, electrical parameter testing method, and capacitive energy release method. Through the test verification, it was found that the shell damage degree assessment method was more effective, which can make the impact of short-circuit energy on the shell become a quantitative calculation problem, so as to guide the optimization of the shell structure, evaluate the strength of the shell material, and limit the secondary damage of the failure energy to other subsystems.

关键词

IGBT失效能量短路试验爆轰波管壳损坏程度评估法

Keywords

IGBTfailure energyshort-circuit testexplosion shock waveshell damage assessment method

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