基于电机振动的动车组逆变器故障诊断研究

施以旋; 毛庆洲; 戴焕云; 汪群生; 施翔宇

doi:10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2024.01.236

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基于电机振动的动车组逆变器故障诊断研究

更新时间：2024-05-08

- 基于电机振动的动车组逆变器故障诊断研究
- Research on fault diagnosis of emu inverter based on motor vibration
- 机车电传动 2024年页码：1-9
- 作者机构：
  
  1.武汉大学遥感信息工程学院，湖北武汉 430070
  2.西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室，四川成都 610031
  3.武汉大学资源与环境科学学院，湖北武汉 430070
- 作者简介：
  
  施以旋(1990-)，男，湖北仙桃，博士，从事车辆系统动力学、车辆故障诊断研究；E-mail：shiyixuan@my.swjtu.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(U2268211;52102441);中国博士后科学基金(2023TQ0253)
- DOI：10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2024.01.236
  中图分类号： U292.91⁺4
- 网络出版日期：2024-05-08，
  
  收稿日期：2023-09-27，
  
  修回日期：2024-01-04，
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施以旋, 毛庆洲, 戴焕云, 等. 基于电机振动的动车组逆变器故障诊断研究[J/OL]. 机车电传动.https://doi.org/10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2024.01.236.

SHI Yixuan, MAO Qingzhou, DAI Huanyun, et al. Research on fault diagnosis of emu inverter based on motor vibration[J/OL]. Electric drive for locomotives.https://doi.org/10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2024.01.236.
施以旋, 毛庆洲, 戴焕云, 等. 基于电机振动的动车组逆变器故障诊断研究[J/OL]. 机车电传动.https://doi.org/10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2024.01.236. DOI：

SHI Yixuan, MAO Qingzhou, DAI Huanyun, et al. Research on fault diagnosis of emu inverter based on motor vibration[J/OL]. Electric drive for locomotives.https://doi.org/10.13890/j.issn.1000-128X.2024.01.236. DOI：

摘要

牵引逆变器的安全性和可靠性对高速动车组车辆的稳定运行至关重要，为了对逆变器工作状态进行识别，结合车辆系统动力学，提出了一种基于电机振动信号分析的故障诊断方法。将电机振动信号作为监测对象，通过检测逆变器故障时电流畸变引起电机异常振动的特征信号来进行判断。以CRH2型动车组牵引传动系统为例，建立了基于空间矢量脉宽调制策略下的三电平牵引逆变器主电路仿真模型，并对逆变器结构故障模式进行仿真。结果表明，逆变器故障会显著影响交流侧输出电流谐波含量，尤其是5、7、11、13倍频含量大幅增加；而这些谐波输入到牵引电机后则转化成6P(1-s)和12P(1-s)倍频脉动转矩作用在电机上，使得其输出振动中含有相应频率的谐波成分。通过对高速动车组实际运行中牵引电机振动信号进行分析发现，在正常情况下不明显含有此类谐波频率成分；而当存在逆变器故障时，则会导致该频率含量非常明显。因此，本文所提出的基于振动信号分析法能够有效地监测并诊断牵引逆变器工作状态，并具有一定工程应用价值。

Abstract

The safety and reliability of traction inverters are critical to the stable operation of high-speed EMU vehicles. To judge the working state of the inverter

combined with the vehicle system dynamics

a fault diagnosis method of traction inverter based on motor vibration signal analysis was proposed. In this method

the motor vibration signal is taken as the monitoring object

and the characteristic signal of abnormal motor vibration caused by current distortion when the inverter is faulty is used to judge. Taking the traction transmission system of CRH2 EMU as an example

the main circuit simulation model of a three-level traction inverter based on the SVPWM strategy was established. Taking the power switch elements as the object

the structural fault modes of the inverter are simulated. The results indicate that inverter faults will significantly affect the harmonic content of the output current on the AC side

especially with a significant increase in the 5th

7th

11th

and 13th harmonic content; After these harmonics are input to the traction motor

they are converted into 6P(1-s) and 12P(1-s) frequency doubling pulsating torque that acts on the motor

causing its output vibration to contain corresponding harmonic components of the frequency. By analyzing the vibration signals of the traction motor during the actual operation of high-speed multiple units

it was found that under normal circumstances

there is no obvious presence of such harmonic frequency components; When there is an inverter fault

it will cause the frequency content to be very obvious. Therefore

the vibration signal analysis method proposed in this article can effectively monitor and diagnose the working status of traction inverters and has a certain engineering application value.

关键词

动车组牵引逆变器电机振动电流谐波故障诊断

Keywords

Electric multiple unitsTraction inverterMotor vibrationCurrent harmonicsFault diagnosis

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